Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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In
the machine cycle steps illustrated in the accompanying figure, ____ is the process of carrying out
commands. a. | fetching | c. | executing | b. | decoding | d. | storing | | | | |
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2.
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Memory stores ____. a. | the operating system and other system
software | b. | application programs that carry out a specific
task | c. | the data being
processed and the resulting information | d. | all of the above | | |
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3.
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A
SCSI port is ____. a. | similar to a USB port in that it can connect multiple types of
devices that require faster data transmission speeds | b. | a special
high-speed parallel port that allows users to attach peripherals such as disk drives and
printers | c. | a special type of serial port that connects the system unit to
a musical instrument | d. | an alternative to IrDA that uses radio waves to transmit data
between two devices | | |
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4.
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A
command is ____. a. | a collection of
unprocessed text, numbers, images, audio, and video | b. | a series of
instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to do it | c. | an instruction
issued by replying to a question that is displayed | d. | an instruction
that causes a program to perform a specific action | | |
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5.
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All
computer keyboards, such as that in the accompanying figure, have ____ that includes letters of the
alphabet, numbers, punctuation marks, and other basic keys. a. | arrow
keys | c. | Internet
controls | b. | a typing area | d. | a numeric keypad | | | | |
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6.
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Nearly all keyboards, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, have a(n) ____
that switches between two states each time a user presses the key. a. | arrow
key | c. | toggle
key | b. | function
key | d. | numeric
key | | | | |
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7.
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In a
grocery store, a(n)____ is a combination of an electronic cash register, bar code reader, and
printer. a. | automated teller
machine (ATM) | c. | point of sale
(POS) terminal | b. | flatbed scanner | d. | smart display | | | | |
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8.
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While
entering a ____, most computers hide the actual characters by displaying some other characters, such
as asterisks (*) or dots. a. | user name | c. | user ID | b. | password | d. | all of the
above | | | | |
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9.
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A
____ is an icon on the desktop that provides a user with immediate access to a program or
file. a. | kernel | c. | buffer | b. | spooler | d. | shortcut | | | | |
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10.
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____
a disk, or reorganizing it so the files are stored in contiguous sectors, speeds up disk access and
thus the performance of the entire computer. a. | Formatting | c. | Spooling | b. | Defragmenting | d. | Compressing | | | | |
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11.
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A
____ is a program that acts without a user’s knowledge and deliberately alters a computer’s
operations. a. | malicious-logic
program | c. | system software
program | b. | utility program | d. | diagnostic program | | | | |
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12.
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A
____ does not replicate itself to other computers. a. | virus | c. | Trojan
horse | b. | worm | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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13.
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____
is a category of output that includes memorandum, letters, announcements, press releases, and
reports. a. | Text | c. | Audio | b. | Graphics | d. | Video | | | | |
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14.
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____
is a category of output that includes drawings, clip art, and photographs. a. | Text | c. | Audio | b. | Graphics | d. | Video | | | | |
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15.
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A
monitor is measured in the same way as a television is measured, that is ____. a. | vertically from
the top corner of the casing to the bottom | b. | horizontally from the left corner of the casing to the
right | c. | diagonally from one corner of the casing to the
other | d. | in square units that indicate the area of the
screen | | |
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True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true
or false.
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16.
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When
the computer’s power is turned off, volatile memory does not lose its contents.
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17.
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Volatile memory is permanent and nonvolatile memory is temporary.
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18.
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The
access time (speed) of memory has no affect on the overall performance of a computer.
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19.
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A
notebook computer usually is less expensive than a desktop computer with the same capabilities
because it is less costly to miniaturize the components.
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20.
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Desktop computer keyboards often attach via a cable to a serial port, a keyboard port,
or a USB port on the system unit.
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21.
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With
a mouse, users control the movement of the pointer, often called a mouse pointer.
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22.
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Using
an ATM, people withdraw cash, deposit money, transfer funds, or inquire about an account
balance.
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23.
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In
most cases, the operating system is installed and resides on a computer’s floppy
disk.
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24.
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All
sizes of computers typically use the same operating system.
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25.
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When
purchasing application software, users must ensure that it works with the operating system installed
on their computer.
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26.
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Some
parts of the operating system are nonresident, that is, these instructions remain on the hard disk
until they are needed.
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27.
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Users
today typically run multiple programs concurrently.
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28.
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When
a computer is running multiple programs concurrently, the one in the background is the active
program; that is, the one currently in use.
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29.
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Even
if users are working on multiple programs simultaneously, it is impossible to run out of
RAM.
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30.
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When
the contents of a file are scattered across two or more noncontiguous sectors, the file is
fragmented.
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31.
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An
upgrade usually costs more than purchasing an entire operating system.
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32.
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Computer viruses generate by chance.
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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33.
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The
processor relies on a small quartz crystal circuit called the _________________________ to control
the timing of all computer operations.
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34.
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A(n)
_________________________ is the point at which a peripheral attaches to the system unit so it can
send data or receive information from the computer.
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35.
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A(n)
_________________________ is a type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by
transmitting data 1 bit at a time.
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36.
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A(n)
_________________________ is an opening inside the system unit in which additional equipment can be
installed.
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37.
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When
8 bits are grouped together as a unit, they form a(n) _________________________.
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38.
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_________________________ is any data or instruction entered into the memory of a
computer.
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39.
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A(n)
_________________________ is an input device that contains keys users press to enter data into a
computer.
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40.
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A(n)
_________________________, such as that shown in the accompanying figure, is a pointing device that
fits comfortably under the palm of the hand.
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41.
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A(n)
_________________________ is an output device that produces text and graphics on a physical medium
such as paper or transparency film.
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